PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.